{"id":737,"date":"2025-05-02T08:44:15","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T01:44:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/?p=737"},"modified":"2025-05-02T08:59:26","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T01:59:26","slug":"boven-digoel-from-exile-camp-to-living-heritage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/destination\/boven-digoel-from-exile-camp-to-living-heritage\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Boven Digoel: From Exile Camp to Living Heritage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>A Journey Through Time in the Prison Site of Tanah Merah&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"998\" height=\"918\" src=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/05\/Screen-Shot-2025-04-29-at-09.15.05.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-738\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/05\/Screen-Shot-2025-04-29-at-09.15.05.png 998w, https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/05\/Screen-Shot-2025-04-29-at-09.15.05-768x706.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 998px) 100vw, 998px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">doc arsip di https:\/\/anri.go.id\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When arriving at <strong>Tanah Merah Airport<\/strong>, one is immediately greeted by the statue of <strong>Mohammad Hatta<\/strong> at a street junction, directly across from the <strong>Boven Digoel Police Headquarters<\/strong>, built in 2004. The statue of the Proclaimer of Independence stands as a powerful symbol that Boven Digoel once played a pivotal role in Indonesia\u2019s struggle for independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"384\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/09\/4S-e1746151121944.png\" alt=\"The statue of Bung Hatta stands tall as you enter the capital of Tanah Merah-Boven Digoel.\" class=\"wp-image-552\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>This region, once remote and feared, became a site of profound historical significance. As recorded in history books, in <strong>1907<\/strong>, during a Dutch military expedition to assert control over Papua, Dutch troops navigated <strong>540 kilometers of the Digul River<\/strong> upstream. Back then, <strong>Tanah Merah<\/strong> was a desolate land inhabited by indigenous tribes, ravaged by malaria, and surrounded by crocodile-infested swamps. These conditions made it an ideal location for the Dutch to establish an exile camp\u2014one from which escape was nearly impossible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even before Dutch exploration, <strong>Boven Digoel<\/strong> was already known to Chinese traders in Merauke who hunted the brilliant-feathered <strong>bird of paradise<\/strong> for women\u2019s hat decorations. Following a massive <strong>communist uprising in 1926\u20131927<\/strong> in Banten and West Sumatra, Dutch Captain <strong>L. Th. Becking<\/strong> was ordered to establish a detention site in Tanah Merah on <strong>January 26, 1927<\/strong>, accompanied by 120 soldiers, 60 laborers, and the first convoy of <strong>1,300 political prisoners<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/09\/6S-904x571.png\" alt=\"The front view in the zinc-covered picture is the road leading underground.\" class=\"wp-image-553\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the prominent national figures who were detained here were <strong>Bung Hatta, Chalid Salim, Sutan Sjahrir,<\/strong> and <strong>Bondan<\/strong>, who arrived on <strong>February 22, 1935<\/strong>, before being transferred to <strong>Banda Naira<\/strong> on <strong>January 30, 1936<\/strong>. Other notable prisoners included <strong>Aliarcham, Sardjono, Mohammad Sanoesi, Soenario, Soemantri, Dachlan,<\/strong> and <strong>Najoan<\/strong>. In <strong>1929<\/strong>, the camp reached its peak population of <strong>2,100 detainees<\/strong>, comprising 1,170 men, 400 women, and 500 children. Around <strong>1,500 were repatriated<\/strong> over the course of a decade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hatta and Sjahrir had only briefly stayed here before being moved to <strong>Tanah Tinggi Prison<\/strong>, located three hours upriver. This special facility was reserved for the most politically sensitive prisoners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"774\" height=\"346\" src=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/09\/8S.png\" alt=\"One of the surviving relics is Hatta\u2019s reading chair\u2014a simple bench where he spent time with books, resisting oppression through reflection. \" class=\"wp-image-555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/09\/8S.png 774w, https:\/\/ourislands.id\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/09\/8S-768x343.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">One of the surviving relics is Hatta\u2019s reading chair\u2014a simple bench where he spent time with books, resisting oppression through reflection. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Visiting these places feels like a pilgrimage, a way of paying tribute to the heroes of Indonesian independence. There were once <strong>three prison sites<\/strong> in Boven Digoel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tanah Merah Prison<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gudang Arang Prison<\/strong> (now lost to river erosion)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tanah Tinggi Prison<\/strong> (now only ruins and a memorial plaque remain)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Tanah Merah prison complex<\/strong> consists of three main structures:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>barrack<\/strong> that held about 30 prisoners<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>storeroom<\/strong> for utensils<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Three <strong>individual holding cells<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A central area with a water tank, <strong>kitchen<\/strong>, and <strong>bathroom<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On the right side of the main gate: 4 small cells (2&#215;2 meters each), a 4&#215;5-meter barrack, and a latrine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, the site is maintained by the <strong>Boven Digoel police<\/strong>, who also use the facility to discipline internal personnel. Behind the prison stand two large buildings (50 x 15 meters) now serving as <strong>police barracks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To the side of the prison site are two more buildings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The former <strong>Dutch police guardhouse<\/strong>, now the <strong>Police Headquarters<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>residential house<\/strong> now used as the <strong>Police Chief\u2019s residence<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Other colonial-era buildings have been repurposed as the <strong>post office, Mandobo police station<\/strong>, and <strong>residences<\/strong> for local civilians. About <strong>1.5 km<\/strong> away, in <strong>Kampung Wet<\/strong>, lies the <strong>Tanah Merah Heroes Cemetery<\/strong>, home to <strong>42 graves<\/strong> of both fallen patriots and respected local figures. Today, the <strong>Tanah Merah prison site<\/strong> has become increasingly well-known, attracting both domestic and international visitors\u2014especially descendants of those once exiled here or relatives of Dutch colonial personnel. This site is more than just stone and timber; it is a <strong>living archive<\/strong> of sacrifice, resistance, and remembrance. Through comparing <strong>archival photographs with current images<\/strong>, we see the layers of transformation, not just in architecture but in national consciousness. These visuals serve as reminders that while buildings age, the <strong>spirit of resistance<\/strong> and the <strong>price of freedom<\/strong> must never be forgotten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Journey Through Time in the Prison Site of Tanah Merah&#8221; When arriving at Tanah Merah Airport, one is immediately<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,2],"tags":[30,31,32,18,15,16,14,20],"class_list":["post-737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-destination","category-stories","tag-jelajahpapua","tag-papuaisindonesia","tag-tanahpapua","tag-eksplore","tag-explorepapua","tag-indonesia","tag-papua","tag-papuacommunity"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&quot;Boven Digoel: From Exile Camp to Living Heritage &#187; 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